Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder in which the body does not produce insulin or body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin resulting in high blood sugar. Insulin is a hormone that regulates metabolism of blood sugar by allowing it to leave the blood stream and enter cells.
According to World Health Organization (WHO), there are three types of Diabetes Mellitus:
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Also known as Type I Diabetes, Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile diabetes or simply T1D. It is seen in
children and young adults but can appear at any age. It can sometimes present as life-threatening diabetic coma, also known as diabetic ketoacidosis. It is estimated that 5-10% of Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus have type 1 diabetes.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Also called Diabetes Type II, Non Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity Related Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-onset Diabetes Mellitus, or simply T2D. It is associated with older age, obesity and family history of diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, nearly 21 million people in the United States have diabetes of which 90 percent to 95 percent have type 2 diabetes.
Gestational diabetes: This type of diabetes occurs during pregnancy in some women and typically resolves with delivery. Women who have had gestational diabetes have a 20 to 50 percent chance of developing type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years and can be prevented by being physically active and maintaining a reasonable body weight. According to the American Diabetes Association, Gestational diabetes affects about 4% of all pregnant women - about 135,000 cases in the United States each year.
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